Rotary actuator interface and method

ABSTRACT

A rotary actuator ( 10 ) rotates a drive shaft ( 40 ), which in turn rotates a stem ( 76 ) between an actuator housing ( 32 ) and a central body ( 48 ). Drive pins ( 50, 52 ) extend between the central body of a rotary sleeve ( 42 ), and move within helical guide slots ( 80, 82 ) to linearly raise and lower the central body ( 48 ), which is connected to the linear controller ( 18 ).

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an interface between a rotary actuator and a control device having a linear controller. More particularly, the actuator rotates a drive shaft between circumferentially spaced limits to control movement of the linear controller, which for example may be a rising stem of a valve.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various types of interfaces between a rotary actuator and a linear controller have been devised. Rotary actuators are preferred for many applications due to their high reliability and relatively low cost. An interface may include a rising stem with a valve member at the lower end thereof, and the interface converts the rotation of the rotary actuator to raising and lowering the stem and thus moving the valve member on or off its seat.

While the rotary actuator may be relatively simple and reliable, the interface between the rotary actuator and the control device in many cases is not sufficiently rugged for field applications, including oilfield applications. Some interfaces are not suitable for corrosive environments which may accompany the application, while other actuators do not provide sufficient bearing support or weatherproofing for long term use.

A rotary actuator for raising and lowering a valve stem is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,047. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,293,117 and 4,350,322 each disclose an actuator for a plug valve. U.S. Pat. No. 5,005,805 discloses a lift-turn actuator for a tapered plug valve, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,108,073 discloses an actuator for the reciprocation of a valve stem of a butterfly valve. U.S. Pat. No. 7,007,922 discloses a regulating device and actuator to convert linear movement to rotational movement.

A direct acting electrically operated actuator is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,971,628 which avoids the conversion of rotary motion to linear motion. U.S. Pat. No. 6,769,665 discloses an electric valve actuator with a failsafe device.

The disadvantages of the prior art are overcome by the present invention, an improved rotary actuator interface is hereinafter disclosed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, an interface is provided between a rotary actuator for rotating a drive shaft between limits spaced less than 360° apart and a control device having a linear controller. The interface includes a housing with a generally cylindrical interior chamber, and a central body within the housing and interconnected with the linear controller. A plurality drive pins each extend radially between the central body and a rotary sleeve, which is positioned radially between the housing and the central body. The rotary sleeve has a plurality of guide slots each for receiving a respective one of the drive pins, with the guide slots each being helical such that rotation of the sleeve results in linear motion of the central body. One or more bearings in the housing guide rotation of the rotary sleeve relative to the housing, and a connector interconnects the central body and the linear controller.

These and further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, wherein reference is made to the figures in the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a rotary actuator, an interface, and a valve with a rising stem.

FIG. 2 is a exploded view of the components of the actuator shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an interface illustrating a portion of a simplified rotary actuator.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 illustrates a suitable application for an actuator interface. Actuator 10 may be of various types commonly available in the oil and gas industry for controlling valves or regulators, and may be electrically or hydraulically powered. The actuator 10 has a central drive shaft which rotates between limits spaced less than 360° apart, and exemplary limits 14 and 16 are shown in FIG. 1 for limiting rotation of shaft 12. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the limits 14, 16 and the stem 12 are shown at the upper end of the actuator 10 in FIG. 1 for clarity, and in many applications the limits 14, 16 are contained within the actuator housing. The actuator shaft 12 rotates within the housing, but may not extend above the top of the housing.

Rotary actuator 10 is thus of the variety that does not rotate multiple turns in order to achieve actuation. Some rotary actuators have limits spaced at 90°, and are commonly referred to as quarter-turn actuators. The actuator as disclosed herein may rotate the actuator shaft between limits spaced 90° apart, 180° apart, 270° apart, or any other desired circumferential spacing. The amount of rotation thus affects the linear movement of the linear controller. Alternatively, the rotator shaft may rotate more than 360°, e.g., 720°, so that the desired axial movement of shaft 12 is obtained with relatively low frictional torque losses.

The valve 20 shown in FIG. 1 is a simplified control device having a rising stem 18 which controls the flow of fluid from inlet port 22 to outlet port 24. The valve body includes an internal chamber 28 with a valve member 19 at a lower end of the stem for engagement with a conventional seat (not shown) to close off flow through the valve. Actuator 30 thus physically and functionally acts as an interface between the rotary actuator 10 and the control device 20 having a linear controller 18.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the interface 30 generally shown in FIG. 1 is shown in greater detail in an exploded view. The interface includes a top cap 47 which may be bolted to upper ring plate 38, which is bolted or otherwise secured to housing 32. Bearings 72 and 74 may be in the form of needle bearings which primarily absorb thrust loads. The rotary output from the actuator 10 is thus mechanically coupled to central pin 76, which has an upper portion 78 with flats for engagement with corresponding surfaces on the rotary output from the actuator. Rotary sleeve 42 is secured to the actuator pin. Central body 48 is positioned within the central cavity in the rotary sleeve 42, with the rotary sleeve including a pair of helical slots 80, 82 each for receiving a respective one of the pins 50, 52 extending from the central body 48. Pins 50, 52 also fit within a respective vertical slot 34, 36 in the housing 32, thereby causing axial movement of central body 48 upon rotation of sleeve 42. The pins 50, 52 may move axially but not rotationally with respect to the housing 32. The amount of vertical movement of the central body is thus a function of the circumferential rotation of the sleeve 42 and the inclination of the slots 80, 82. A lower ring-shaped member 46 serves as a base to support the lower bearing 74 and the rotary sleeve 42, while face place 20 is provided for mounting to the control device, and has a central aperture for receiving the axially movable shaft 18.

The actuator uses two guide pins 50, 52 extending through helical slots in the rotary sleeve, and the guide pins preferably are 180° apart so that unbalanced forces are minimized, thereby substantially contributing to the reliable operation of the interface. The critical components of the interface by thus all centered within the housing to reduce undesirable side forces or tilting forces.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the interface 30, and shows the assembled condition of the interface with upper bearing 72 positioned between top cap 47 and rotary sleeve 42, and lower bearing 74 positioned between ring 46 and the lower end of rotary sleeve 42. Ring shaped plate 38 is functionally part of the housing 32. Shaft 40 from rotator 10 is thus coupled to and rotates with pin 76 and sleeve 42. The cross-section of FIG. 3 is taken through the slots 34, 36 in the housing 32, and the pins 50, 52 extend through the helical slots in the rotary sleeve and into the vertical slots in the housing 36, thereby rotationally connecting the inner body 48 with the housing. Pin 50 may contain a brass roller 54 or another guide or roller 58 for sliding engagement with the walls of one of the helical slots and one of the housing slots 34, 36, while the opposing side of the central body contains a similar brass roller 56 and roller 60 for sliding within the opposing slots. The linear controller 18 as shown in FIG. 3 may be a valve stem, or may be coupled to the valve stem. In either event, linear controller 18 may be threaded as 62 or otherwise secured to the central body 48, so that vertical movement of the central body moves the linear controller 18 a predetermined amount.

The actuator as disclosed herein is preferably powered, and electrically powered, hydraulically powered, and pneumatically powered actuators are well known in the art. The interface as disclosed herein may control various types of valves, including gate valves and globe valves. Other devices which use a linear controller may also be controlled with an actuator interface, including, for example, louvers and regulators. The actuator interface is particularly suitable for rotating a valve in an oilfield or chemical operation due to its ruggedness and highly repetitive actuation. Also, the interface is able to generate an axially downward force in excess of a 1000 pounds to keep a valve fully closed.

A feature of the invention is that the upper and lower bearings are captured within the housing, thereby protecting the bearings from environment outside the interface and capturing the bearings for controlled radial movement while in use. Bearings other than needle bearings may be used. Friction reducing members other than brass or bronze rollers may be used for engaging side walls of the helical slots in the rotary sleeve or the vertical slots in the housing.

The helical slots may have a non-uniform angle, with a relatively low angle in the bottom of the slots for creating significant axial forces, and the angle of the slots increasing as a control member rises in response to the actuator. Depending on the application, other systems may benefit from a high angle slot in the bottom of each helical slot, with a lower angle slot at the upper end of each helical slot. To facilitate disassembly of the actuator, it may be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 that the bottom of the helical slots are open to the bottom of the rotary sleeve, so that the rotary sleeve can be removed from the housing with the central member pins remaining in the vertical slots in the housing. Alternatively, the bottom of each helical slot may be closed to minimize radial spreading of the rotary sleeve, in which case the central body may be retrieved with the rotary sleeve during disassembly of the interface.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein in some detail, this has been done solely for the purposes of explaining the various aspects of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims which follow. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment shown and described is exemplary, and various other substitutions, alterations and modifications, including but not limited to those design alternatives specifically discussed herein, may be made in the practice of the invention without departing from its scope. 

1. An interface between a rotary actuator for rotating a drive shaft between circumferentially spaced limits and a controlled device having a linear controller, the interface comprising: a housing having a generally cylindrical interior chamber therein; a central body within the housing and having a body centerline and interconnected with the linear controller; a plurality of drive pins each extending radially between the central body and the housing, each drive pin passing through a guide slot in a rotary sleeve; the rotary sleeve positioned radially between the housing and the central body, the rotary sleeve having a plurality of guide slots each for receiving a respective one of the drive pins, the guide slots each being helical such that rotation of the sleeve results in linear motion of the central body; one or more bearings within the housing for guiding rotation of the rotary sleeve relative to the housing; and a connecter for interconnecting the rotary sleeve and the linear controller.
 2. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein each of the drive pins includes a roller for engaging sidewalls of a corresponding slot and rotating with respect to the drive pin.
 3. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the rotary sleeve has a generally cylindrical interior surface receiving the central body therein.
 4. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein each of the drive pins includes a low friction member for engaging side walls of a corresponding slot.
 5. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein each of a plurality of pins extends into a substantially vertical slot in the housing for limiting motion of the central body to substantially linear motion.
 6. The Interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the one or more bearings include: an upper thrust bearing for engaging an upper surface of the rotary sleeve; and a lower thrust bearing for engaging a lower surface of the rotary sleeve.
 7. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein each of the slots has an end wall entry for receiving a respective pin, such that the rotary sleeve may be removed from the housing while the central body and the plurality of drive pins remain in the housing.
 8. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the pitch of the helical slot is non-linear, such that uniform rotation of the drive shaft results in non-linear motion of the linear controller.
 9. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the housing has a generally cylindrical outer configuration.
 10. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the plurality of drive pins comprise a pair of circumferentially opposite drive pins, thereby reducing non-axial forces between the pair of pins and the guide slots.
 11. The interface as defined in claim 1, wherein the rotary sleeve is cup-shaped, with an upper plate interconnected with the linear actuator, and downwardly extending sidewalls including the plurality of guide slots.
 12. An interface between a rotary actuator for rotating a drive shaft between circumferentially spaced limits and a controlled device having a linear controller, the interface comprising: a housing having a generally cylindrical outer configuration and a generally cylindrical interior chamber therein; a central body within the housing and having a body centerline and interconnected with the linear controller; a plurality of drive pins each extending radially between the central body and the housing, each drive pin passing through the guide slot in the rotary sleeve and positioned within a substantially vertical slot in the housing; the rotary sleeve positioned radially between the housing and the central body, the rotary sleeve having a plurality of guide slots each for receiving a respective one of the drive pins, the guide slots each being helical such that rotation of the sleeve results in linear motion of the central body; one or more bearings within the housing for guiding rotation of the rotary sleeve relative to the housing; and a connecter for interconnecting the rotary sleeve and the linear controller.
 13. The interface as defined in claim 12, wherein each of the drive pins includes a roller for engaging sidewalls of a corresponding slot and rotating with respect to the drive pin.
 14. The interface as defined in claim 12, wherein the one or more bearings include: an upper thrust bearing for engaging an upper surface of the rotating sleeve; and a lower thrust bearing for engaging a lower surface of the rotating sleeve.
 15. The interface as defined in claim 12, wherein each of the slots has an end wall entry for receiving a respective pin, such that the rotary sleeve may be removed from the housing while the central body and the plurality of drive pins remain in the housing.
 16. The interface as defined in claim 12, wherein the pitch of the helical slot is non-linear, such that uniform rotation of the drive shaft results in non-linear motion of the linear controller.
 17. The interface as defined in claim 12, wherein the plurality of drive pins comprise a pair of circumferentially opposite drive pins, thereby reducing non-axial forces between the pair of pins and the guide slots.
 18. A method of interconnecting a rotary actuator for rotating a drive shaft and a controlled device having a linear controller, the method comprising: providing a housing having a generally cylindrical interior chamber therein; positioning a central body within the housing and interconnected with the linear controller; providing a plurality of drive pins each extending radially between the central body and the housing and passing through a guide slot in a rotary sleeve; positioning the rotary sleeve radially between the housing and the central body, the rotary sleeve having a plurality of guide slots each for receiving a respective one of the drive pins, the guide slots each being helical such that rotation of the sleeve results in linear motion of the central body; guiding rotation of the rotary sleeve relative to the housing; and interconnecting the rotary sleeve and the linear controller.
 19. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein each of a plurality of pins extends into a substantially vertical slot in the housing for limiting motion of the central body to substantially linear motion.
 20. The method as defined in claim 18, wherein the pitch of the helical slot is non-linear, such that uniform rotation of the drive shaft results in non-linear motion of the linear controller. 